Lantern Festival is a traditional festival in China. The formation of the custom of Lantern Festival has a long process, which is rooted in the ancient custom of turning on lights and praying for blessings. Turning on the lights and praying for blessings usually begins on the 14th night of the first month. On the 15th night, it is called “positive lights”. People want to light lights, also known as “sending lights” to worship gods and pray for blessings. The introduction of Buddhist culture in the Eastern Han Dynasty also played an important role in promoting the formation of the custom of the Lantern Festival.
During the reign of emperor Yongping of the Han and Ming Dynasties, in order to carry forward the Dharma, Emperor Han and Ming ordered to “light a lamp to show the Buddha” in the palace and temple on the 15th night of the first month. Therefore, the custom of lighting lanterns on the 15th night of the first month gradually expanded in China with the expansion of the influence of Buddhist culture and the later addition of Taoist culture. During the northern and Southern Dynasties, lantern lighting became a common practice. Emperor Wu of the Liang Dynasty believed in Buddhism, and lights were lit at the 15th National Day of the first month in his palace. During the Tang Dynasty, cultural exchanges between China and foreign countries were closer, Buddhism flourished, and officials and people generally “lit lamps for Buddha” on the 15th day of the first month, so Buddhist lights were all over the people. Since the Tang Dynasty, lantern lighting has become a legal matter.
The 15th day of the first lunar month is the Lantern Festival, also known as Shangyuan Festival, Yuanye and Lantern Festival. The first month is the first month of the lunar calendar. The ancients called night “Xiao”, so they called the fifteenth day of the first month “Lantern Festival”. [9] With the changes of society and times, the customs of the Lantern Festival have changed greatly, but it is still a traditional Chinese folk festival. When the Lantern Festival was formed in the early stage, it was only called the fifteenth day of the first month, the first half of the first month or the hope of the month. After the Sui Dynasty, it was called the new year’s Eve or the new year’s Eve. Influenced by Taoism at the beginning of the Tang Dynasty, it was also called Shangyuan, and it was occasionally called yuanxiao at the end of the Tang Dynasty. But since the Song Dynasty, it has also been called Lantern Festival. In the Qing Dynasty, it was also called Lantern Festival. In foreign countries, the Lantern Festival is also known as the Lantern Festival. On the evening of the 15th day of the first lunar month, Chinese people have a series of traditional folk activities, such as appreciating lanterns, eating dumplings, eating Lantern Festival, guessing lantern riddles, setting off fireworks and so on.
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